List of Articles Philosophy

• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  1 - Racism in Kant’s ethical view with accumbency on categorical imperative
    mohsen javady
  Racism in its broad sense, means the superiority of some others over the others on their race. Subjects about Racism has considerate in different fields including politics, sociology, law, psychology and especially in ethics. In some ethical systems, such as Kant's ethi More

  Racism in its broad sense, means the superiority of some others over the others on their race. Subjects about Racism has considerate in different fields including politics, sociology, law, psychology and especially in ethics. In some ethical systems, such as Kant's ethics, racism, as well as many other topics, is not consider. But this does not mean that the system cannot consider and investigate on racism. In this paper, we try to investigate Kant’s point of view in his ethical system on racism by using his idea on triple rule of categorical imperative and finally this result will occur that Kant, on the basis of their moral system cannot be justified racism either. For Kant, moral virtue consists of duty or act according to the task, which cannot communicate with the race of the subject of the verb. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  2 - Justice Based on Emerged Conventions: A Critical Analysis of Skyrms’ Idea of Social Contract
       
  Last two decades، some philosophers of social sciences and economists showed their interest in evolutionary explanations of Justice. Brian Skyrms is one of great contributor of these explanations. His two major works، Evolution of the social contract (1996) and stag hu More

  Last two decades، some philosophers of social sciences and economists showed their interest in evolutionary explanations of Justice. Brian Skyrms is one of great contributor of these explanations. His two major works، Evolution of the social contract (1996) and stag hunt and evolution of social structure (2004)، are attempting to lay such explanations of justice by evolutionary game theory. The purpose of this paper is to present and evaluate the analytical framework and foundations of Skyrms’ idea. Accordingly، the paper، based on theoretical and analytical method، finds basic building blocks of Skyrms’ account of the social contract and then examines those foundations. Research findings show that skyrms seeks to naturalization of concepts such as justice; Project that meet with shortcomings such positive conception of values and inner inconsistency. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  3 - Evaluate the concept happiness from the perspective of Nasir al-Din Tusi
       
  Happiness, from the viewpoint of Tusi is inseparable from the perfection. And has different levels. The lowest level In the case of material life of man. And is obtained the highest form level it with the liberation of the body of and the senses. Which is often related More

  Happiness, from the viewpoint of Tusi is inseparable from the perfection. And has different levels. The lowest level In the case of material life of man. And is obtained the highest form level it with the liberation of the body of and the senses. Which is often related to the futurity. And it knoweth total happiness. So often in this world is not acquired. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  4 - Explaining Islamic-Iranian Patterns of Education Based on Educational Options by Mulla Sadra
  Somayyeh Marhaba Najmeh  Vakili Mohsen  Imani
  Education is one of the issues that has been paid special attention to religious and non-religious philosophies for a long time. It is important to study the Islamic-Iranian model for the development of human beings in the science of education. The Islamic-Iranian patte More

  Education is one of the issues that has been paid special attention to religious and non-religious philosophies for a long time. It is important to study the Islamic-Iranian model for the development of human beings in the science of education. The Islamic-Iranian pattern is a theoretical model with normative function. This pattern can be presented in mathematical or logical language and it is necessary to use the methods of today's science to explain complex matters. Islamic-Iranian theory is a theory based on the principles of Islam's insight and within the framework of Islamic ethics and law and is in accordance with Iran's conditions. The study of Mulla Sadra's thoughts suggests that in the thought of Mulla Sadra, man has a vertical movement and flow in the levels of existence. Sadra's anthropology is the point of convergence between religious, ethical, philosophical and mystical anthropology, according to ontological and epistemological foundations, such as the originality of existence, the essential motion, etc., the comprehensiveness of man according to the different degrees and categories, which are the lowest Levels, ie, Jimdi, begin to the last stage, namely, immortality, rational thinking and rational perception. So it deserves to reach the highest degree of being or to be at the lowest level with the opportunity of burning. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  5 - The Educational System and Methods in the Islamic View and Its Comparison with the School of Existentialism
  Mohammad farajzadeh Mohammad Reza  Sarmadi
  The study deals with the "educational system and methods of Islamic view and its analogy with the school of existentialism". The purpose of this research is theoretical, applied and descriptive-analytical study. In existentialism methodology, the teacher tries to persua More

  The study deals with the "educational system and methods of Islamic view and its analogy with the school of existentialism". The purpose of this research is theoretical, applied and descriptive-analytical study. In existentialism methodology, the teacher tries to persuade the student Find out personal truths through questions about the meaning of life. The task of the teacher is to provide a learning environment where students can express their mentality. Existentialists believe that the learner should not be forced to learn by deception or force, but that the learner should seek to learn by himself or herself and face an indefinable situation. In this way, the teacher has a facilitating role. And the ubiquitous pursuit of desire seeks to discover the truth. It has also been emphasized in the school of Islam. However, access to this issue is different in these schools. In general, in examining whether the educational methods of Islam and existentialism are the same direction, it can be said that these approaches to fostering rational thinking in learners are somewhat consistent, but the Islamic educational methods are The holistic view of Islam is more general. Islam, in its comprehensive view of man, has envisaged the cultivation of all aspects of human existence, while existentialism and the Western schools in general have merely regarded man as a material being. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  6 - riticism of feminist arguments on "freedom of abortion due to moral rights of mother and fetus" based on fundamental methodology in moral philosophy
  Narges Roodgar zeinab kabiri
  20.1001.1.23833279.1401.13.49.4.3
  Freedom of abortion is one of the serious feminist demands that is pursued in different tendencies with different arguments. In some of the arguments of social feminists, this demand is addressed in order to achieve the moral rights of mother and fetus. The need for fre More

  Freedom of abortion is one of the serious feminist demands that is pursued in different tendencies with different arguments. In some of the arguments of social feminists, this demand is addressed in order to achieve the moral rights of mother and fetus. The need for freedom of abortion because of the right of the fetus to enjoy favorable living conditions or because of attention to maternal quality, as well as because of the prohibition of compulsion to sacrifice as a moral right of women, as well as the right of women to conscious choice, are among the reasons. Some social feminists have suggested. According to the fundamental methodology, every theory of the humanities is influenced by the theoretical foundations of its evolution and cannot be understood without them. As a result, the correct evaluation of the theory depends on recognizing and examining the mentioned foundations. The above-mentioned feminist arguments with their claims about the moral right of mother and fetus have been formed in the supervisory foundations of the schools of philosophy of ethics. Has made them possible. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  7 - Investigating the moral and social effects of divorce in popular jurisprudence
  abdolhamid navardi aboalghasem asi moznab Ahmad sadeghian
  20.1001.1.23833279.1401.13.49.13.2
  God has made permanent marriage a priority for man compared to broken marriage. Mut'ah is a kind of legitimate marriage in Islam, which provides a good solution to prevent social problems, and its position is specified in verse 24 of Surah An-Nisa '. In order to acknowl More

  God has made permanent marriage a priority for man compared to broken marriage. Mut'ah is a kind of legitimate marriage in Islam, which provides a good solution to prevent social problems, and its position is specified in verse 24 of Surah An-Nisa '. In order to acknowledge its legitimacy from the point of view of Shiites and Sunnis, forty commentaries on jurisprudential, legal and educational issues were selected from the commentators of the Qur'an through the library method and bibliographic review of 183 commentaries. Due to the incorrect understanding of the jurisprudential and moral nature of mut'ah (temporary marriage) in society, this institution is not used in its constructive direction. Also, our laws regarding some of its special rulings are incomplete, vague and sometimes silent, and in these rulings, there are differences of opinion in jurisprudence that long-term temporary marriage is one of these cases. ) Fought against the boycott order due to the prohibition of the government by the second caliph; Because its absolute prohibition had no religious justification. In this article, mut'ah is examined from the point of view of popular jurisprudence from the point of view of the government, and while addressing the documents related to the principle of mut'ah legitimacy, which may play a role in comparative and controversial issues, the ruling on temporary marriage is discussed in terms of abrogation or prohibition. Because the Sunnis claim the abrogation or prohibition of this type of marriage using government authority. It has also been suggested that the Islamic government should, based on its interests, according to time and place, impose restrictions and conditions to prevent the occurrence of moral problems arising from it, and at the same time, provide the ground for its rational use. Temporary marriage, if exposed to permanent marriage, also eliminates the risk of the family foundation collapsing or not forming. Despite the context of the verse and the initial legitimacy of the ruling regarding the slaves and men of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, this moral ruling was extended to other members of society; And while examining wisdom, philosophy and its status, the cases that have been recommended to be allowed; Including the position of mut'ah in war, long journeys and the preservation of chastity and mental health, and the cases in which it has been recommended not to allow it; Threats to the family system, sexual diversity, and Shiite religiosity were described. Manuscript profile